蜗壳喉部面积对泵性能的影响研究

(西安航天动力研究所,陕西 西安 710100)

液体火箭发动机;; 蜗壳喉部面积; 发动机推力; 数值模拟

Effect of volute throat area on pump performance
YU Qing, WANG Xiaofeng, ZHANG Dan, LI Huimin

(Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute, Xi'an 710100, China)

liquid rocket engine; pump; volute throat area; engine thrust; numerical simulation

备注

在某型液体火箭发动机研制中,为了适应发动机推力的提升,需要对泵结构进行适应性改进。基于面积比原理对泵压式液体火箭发动机泵蜗壳喉部与叶轮的匹配进行设计与研究。采用数值模拟和试验研究相结合的方法研究了蜗壳喉部面积变化对泵性能的影响。分别对两种不同面积比的泵模型进行计算分析,结果表明:在高效区范围内,随着蜗壳喉部与叶轮出口面积比值的增大,泵的扬程和效率均有所提高,试验结果与计算结果也较为吻合。因此,蜗壳喉部面积扩大后,与叶轮匹配性有所改善,可以适应发动机推力提升的要求,结构改动简单易行,而且对已制品可以进行返修,减少经济损失。

During the development of a certain liquid rocket engine, the adaptability improvement of the pump structure needs to be realized to promote the thrust of the engine. Based on the area ratio principle, the match of the volute throat and impeller in the turbopump-fed liquid rocket engine is designed and studied in this paper. The influence of the variation of volute throat area on pump performance is studied by using the method of combining numerical simulation with experimental research. The pump models with two different area ratios were analyzed. The results indicate that, in the range of the high efficiency, both the pump lift and efficiency are increased with the increase of area ratio of the volute throat to the impeller outlet. The experimental results are tallied with the calculation results. Thus, the match of the volute throat and the impeller can be improved as the volute throat area is widened, which can satisfy the requirement of the thrust enhancement of the engine. Furthermore, the structure is easy to alter, even the final products can be sent back for modification. It is sure that its cost will be reduced greatly.