火箭推进

针对液氧/煤油发动机性能提升时管路流阻大的问题,采用电传热试验系统研究了高分子减阻剂对模拟管路中高流速火箭煤油的流阻与传热特性的作用效能,并采用分析仪器考察了高分子减阻剂的添加对火箭煤油理化性能的影响。研究结果表明,含有0.05%减阻剂的火箭煤油的理化性能满足《液体火箭发动机用煤油规范》关键技术指标要求; 减阻剂的添加对火箭煤油产生一定的减阻效果,在流速20～60 m/s,温度50～200 ℃范围内,JZ-1的减阻率达60.3%～76.4%,JZ-2的减阻率为33.1%～48.4%; 而减阻剂的添加降低了火箭煤油的传热性能,且减阻剂分子量越大传热性能降低越明显,在流速50 m/s,温度175 ℃时,添加JZ-1,JZ-2后火箭煤油传热系数分别下降32.8%,8.3%。从减阻剂在改变流动阻力和传热两方面评价,JZ-2对火箭煤油具有较佳的综合性能。

According to the problem that the flow resistance in kerosene pipeline of LOX/kerosene rocket engine was higher when its performance improved, the electric heat transfer experimental system was used to investigate the effect of macromolecule drag-reduction additives on flow resistance and heat transfer characteristics of rocket kerosene in simulative pipeline.In addition, the influence of the additives on physical-chemical properties of rocket kerosene were also analyzed.The results show that the physical-chemical properties of rocket kerosene containing 0.05% drag-reduction additives can satisfy the requirement of key technical specification for kerosene of liquid rocket engine.The addition of drag reducer into rocket kerosene have a certain drag reduction effect.The drag reduction efficiency of JZ-1 and JZ-2 can reach up to 60.3%～76.4% and 33.1%～ 48.4% respectively when velocity is 20～60 m/s and temperature is 50～200 ℃.However, the addition of drag reducer into rocket kerosene decreases the heat transfer performance of kerosene, and the larger the molecular weight of the drag reducer added into the kerosene is, the more obviously the heat transfer performance reduces.The heat transfer coefficients of kerosene with JZ-1 and JZ-2 are decreased by 32.8% and 8.3% respectively when velocity is 50 m/s and temperature is 175 ℃.JZ-2 has better overall performance in changing flow resistance and convective heat transfer.

引言
1 实验部分
2 结果与讨论
3 结论

图1 减阻实验系统图<br/>Fig.1 Schematic of drag reduction experimental system

图1 减阻实验系统图
Fig.1 Schematic of drag reduction experimental system

图2 实验件热电偶的分布<br/>Fig.2 Distribution of thermocouples of test sample

图2 实验件热电偶的分布
Fig.2 Distribution of thermocouples of test sample

表1 减阻剂对火箭煤油理化性能的影响(20 ℃)<br/>Tab.1 Effect of drag reducer on physical-chemical properties of rocket kerosene at 20 ℃

表1 减阻剂对火箭煤油理化性能的影响(20 ℃)
Tab.1 Effect of drag reducer on physical-chemical properties of rocket kerosene at 20 ℃

表2 不同温度下减阻剂对火箭煤油密度的影响<br/>Tab.2 Effect of drag reducer on density of rocket kerosene at different temperatures

表2 不同温度下减阻剂对火箭煤油密度的影响
Tab.2 Effect of drag reducer on density of rocket kerosene at different temperatures

表3 不同温度下减阻剂对火箭煤油黏度的影响<br/>Tab.3 Effect of drag reducer on viscosity of rocket kerosene at different temperatures

表3 不同温度下减阻剂对火箭煤油黏度的影响
Tab.3 Effect of drag reducer on viscosity of rocket kerosene at different temperatures

图3 在15 ℃条件下减阻率与流速的关系<br/>Fig.3 Relationship between drag reduction efficiency and flow velocity when temperature is 15 ℃

图3 在15 ℃条件下减阻率与流速的关系
Fig.3 Relationship between drag reduction efficiency and flow velocity when temperature is 15 ℃

图4 在15 ℃条件下4种煤油体系摩擦系数与雷诺数的关系 <br/>Fig.4 Relationship between friction coefficient and Reynolds number of four kinds of kerosene when temperature is 15 ℃

图4 在15 ℃条件下4种煤油体系摩擦系数与雷诺数的关系
Fig.4 Relationship between friction coefficient and Reynolds number of four kinds of kerosene when temperature is 15 ℃

图5 在流速为50 m/s时减阻率与出口温度的关系<br/>Fig.5 Relationship between drag reduction efficiency and outlet temperature when flow velocity is 50 m/s

图5 在流速为50 m/s时减阻率与出口温度的关系
Fig.5 Relationship between drag reduction efficiency and outlet temperature when flow velocity is 50 m/s

图6 四种煤油体系流速为50 m/s时传热系数随温度的变化<br/>Fig.6 Variation of heat transfer coefficient with outlet temperature when flow velocity of four kinds of kerosene is 50 m/s

图6 四种煤油体系流速为50 m/s时传热系数随温度的变化
Fig.6 Variation of heat transfer coefficient with outlet temperature when flow velocity of four kinds of kerosene is 50 m/s

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备注

引言

1 实验部分

2 结果与讨论

3 结论

期刊信息