火箭推进

重复使用是大幅度降低航天运输成本的主要途径,动力系统的重复使用是关键,也是首先要解决的问题。目前重复使用运载器动力装置发展的主要途径是研制重复使用、低成本的液体火箭发动机和开发以水平起降一级动力装置为目标的组合循环发动机。液体火箭发动机的重复使用应革新设计理念,从设计方法、推进剂选型、材料选取及能力的适度运用、生产工艺、维修等方面综合考虑。基于组合循环动力的水平起降飞行器是降低运输成本的重要途径,也是重复使用运载器发展的重要方向,应借鉴航空发动机等动力重复使用设计理念,在方案研究和关键技术研究阶段就考虑重复使用问题。

Reusable is the important path to reduce the cost of launch vehicle.Reusable of liquid-propellant engine is the key technology and the first problem to be solved.The main development of reusable launch vehicle's engine is the reusable and low cost liquid-propellant rocket engine and the air-breathed combined cycle engine of the horizontal takeoff-vertical landing vehicle's first stage engine.The reusable of liquid-propellant rocket engine must innovate design idea,including design method,propellant,material,proper use of ability,manufacture technology and maintaince.The horizontal takeoff-vertical landing vehicle based on combined cycle engine is an important approach to decrease transportation cost and is also an important developing trend for resuable lauch vehicle.Inspired by the reusable design concept of aircraft engine,reusable design idea must be considered in scheme and key technique research stage.

引言
1 动力系统重复使用的发展历程及启示
2 液体火箭发动机重复使用问题探讨
3 组合循环发动机研发问题探讨
4 结束语

图1 可重复使用液氧/煤油发动机<br/>Fig.1 Reusable LOX/kerosene rocket engine

图1 可重复使用液氧/煤油发动机
Fig.1 Reusable LOX/kerosene rocket engine

图2 可重复使用液氧/液氢发动机<br/>Fig.2 Reusable LOX/hydrogen rocket engine

图2 可重复使用液氧/液氢发动机
Fig.2 Reusable LOX/hydrogen rocket engine

图3 可重复使用液氧/甲烷发动机<br/>Fig.3 Reusable LOX/LCH4 engine

图3 可重复使用液氧/甲烷发动机
Fig.3 Reusable LOX/LCH4 engine

图4 CCEC计划中的Sentinel和Quicksat飞行器<br/>Fig.4 Sentinel and Quicksat flight vehicles of CCEC plan

图4 CCEC计划中的Sentinel和Quicksat飞行器
Fig.4 Sentinel and Quicksat flight vehicles of CCEC plan

图5 不同动力形式的两级入轨飞行器对比<br/>Fig.5 Comparison of TSTO vehicles

图5 不同动力形式的两级入轨飞行器对比
Fig.5 Comparison of TSTO vehicles

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备注

引言

1 动力系统重复使用的发展历程及启示

2 液体火箭发动机重复使用问题探讨

3 组合循环发动机研发问题探讨

4 结束语

期刊信息