火箭推进

依据冲压发动机典型状态地面试验模拟问题,地面试验系统只能采用加热器直接燃烧化学燃料的方式来提供高温、高压和大流量的热空气。为了研究加热器燃料对发动机试验的模拟来流特性的影响,通过对常用5种加热器燃料进行热力计算,对比分析了补氧和无补氧时加热器燃料对模拟气流成分的影响,结果表明:在补氧和无补氧条件下,常用燃料生成模拟空气的比热比均小于真实值; 马赫数2.5～3时选择酒精和异丁烷为燃料生成模拟空气的分子量与真实值较接近,马赫数3.5～4时选择酒精与真实值较接近; 补氧的加热器可大幅降低模拟空气中的污染成分。

Based on the ground test simulation problem of typical state of ramjet engine, the ground test system can only provide the hot air with high temperature, high pressure and large flow rate by burning chemical fuel directly in heater.In order to study the effect of heater fuel on the simulated incoming flow characteristics in the engine test, the effect of heater fuel on the simulated airflow composition with/without oxygen supplement were compared and analyzed through the thermodynamic calculation of five kinds of heater fuel.The results show that the specific heat ratio of simulated gas generated by commonly used fuels is less than the true value under the conditions of oxygen supplementation and no oxygen supplementation.When the Mach number is 2.5～3, the molecular weight of simulated gas generated by alcohol or isobutane is close to the true value, while the Mach number is 3.5～4, the alcohol is selected to be close to the true value.The heater with oxygen-supplement can significantly reduce the pollution components in the simulated gas.

引言
1 燃料选择
2 补氧机理
3 燃料对模拟气流的影响分析
4 加热器燃料选择的评估分析
5 结论

表1 加热器常用燃料化学特性<br/>Tab.1 Chemical characteristics of commonly used fuels for heater

表1 加热器常用燃料化学特性
Tab.1 Chemical characteristics of commonly used fuels for heater

图1 常用燃料与空气燃烧后氧气含量<br/>Fig.1 Oxygen content of commonly used fuels and air after combustion

图1 常用燃料与空气燃烧后氧气含量
Fig.1 Oxygen content of commonly used fuels and air after combustion

表2 加热器常用燃料及补氧量<br/>Tab.2 Common fuel and oxygen supplement of heater

表2 加热器常用燃料及补氧量
Tab.2 Common fuel and oxygen supplement of heater

图2 常用燃料与空气混合比<br/>Fig.2 Mixing ratio of commonly used fuel and air

图2 常用燃料与空气混合比
Fig.2 Mixing ratio of commonly used fuel and air

图3 无补氧模拟气体比热比<br/>Fig.3 Specific heat ratio of simulated gas without oxygen supplement

图3 无补氧模拟气体比热比
Fig.3 Specific heat ratio of simulated gas without oxygen supplement

图4 无补氧模拟气体分子量<br/>Fig.4 Molecular weight of simulated gas without oxygen supplement

图4 无补氧模拟气体分子量
Fig.4 Molecular weight of simulated gas without oxygen supplement

图5 无补氧模拟气体污染成分<br/>Fig.5 Pollution components of simulated gas without oxygen supplement

图5 无补氧模拟气体污染成分
Fig.5 Pollution components of simulated gas without oxygen supplement

图6 补氧时模拟气体比热比<br/>Fig.6 Specific heat ratio of simulated gas with oxygen supplement

图6 补氧时模拟气体比热比
Fig.6 Specific heat ratio of simulated gas with oxygen supplement

图7 补氧时模拟气体分子量<br/>Fig.7 Molecular weight of simulated gas with oxygen supplement

图7 补氧时模拟气体分子量
Fig.7 Molecular weight of simulated gas with oxygen supplement

图8 补氧时模拟气体污染成分<br/>Fig.8 Pollution components of simulated gas with oxygen supplement

图8 补氧时模拟气体污染成分
Fig.8 Pollution components of simulated gas with oxygen supplement

表3 模拟气流比热比对比(补氧和无补氧)<br/>Tab.3 Comparison of specific heat ratio of simulated gas(with/without oxygen supplement )

表3 模拟气流比热比对比(补氧和无补氧)
Tab.3 Comparison of specific heat ratio of simulated gas(with/without oxygen supplement )

表4 模拟气流分子量对比(补氧和无补氧)<br/>Tab.4 Comparison of molecular weight of simulated gas(with/without oxygen supplement)

表4 模拟气流分子量对比(补氧和无补氧)
Tab.4 Comparison of molecular weight of simulated gas(with/without oxygen supplement)

表5 模拟气流气体污染成分含量对比(补氧和无补氧)<br/>Tab.5 Comparison of pollution components of simulated gas(with/without oxygen supplement)

表5 模拟气流气体污染成分含量对比(补氧和无补氧)
Tab.5 Comparison of pollution components of simulated gas(with/without oxygen supplement)

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备注

引言

1 燃料选择

2 补氧机理

3 燃料对模拟气流的影响分析

4 加热器燃料选择的评估分析

5 结论

期刊信息