火箭推进

某型号液体火箭发动机用高速诱导轮离心泵存在抗汽蚀性能偏低的问题,而液体火箭发动机对泵的抗汽蚀性能有特别严格的要求,其直接影响发动机的性能和可靠性。为获得更高的效率,按照常规泵设计经验选取较大的诱导轮出口角,而理论分析此时诱导轮和离心轮的能量匹配不是最佳,不能获得较好的汽蚀性能。经过理论分析,提出降低诱导轮出口角的改进方案,并对诱导轮离心泵流场进行数值模拟,并在试验室进行了试验验证。仿真及试验表明在相同叶轮外形尺寸条件下,提出适当降低诱导轮出口参数的设计方法,虽然泵的扬程和效率略有降低,但泵的抗汽蚀性能得到大幅提高,该方法提高泵的抗汽蚀性能是可行的。

A high speed inducer-centrifugal pump of specific liquid propellant rocket engine has the problem of low cavitation performance, and the liquid propellant rocket engine has special strict requirements on the pump cavitation performance, which directly affects the performance and reliability of the engine.In order to obtain higher efficiency, the larger outlet angle of the inducer was selected according to the conventional pump design experience.However, at this point,the energy matching between inducer and centrifugal impeller was not the best, so the better cavitation performance could not be obtained.After the theoretical analysis, an improved scheme to reduce the outlet angle of the inducer was proposed, and the flow field of the inducer-centrifugal pump was simulated numerically.The simulation and test results show that the pump's cavitaion performance is greatly improved when the outlet parameters of the inducer were adjusted according to the design method, although the pump's head and efficiency are slightly reduced, so it is feasible to improve the pump's cavitation performance by using the design method.

引言
1 初始方案诱导轮离心泵性能
2 诱导轮离心泵设计参数分析
3 诱导轮改进方案
4 性能试验
5 结论

表1 诱导轮离心泵设计参数与实际参数对比<br/>Tab.1 Comparison of design parameters and actual parameters of pump

表1 诱导轮离心泵设计参数与实际参数对比
Tab.1 Comparison of design parameters and actual parameters of pump

图1 泵汽蚀特性曲线<br/>Fig.1 Pump cavitation characteristic curve

图1 泵汽蚀特性曲线
Fig.1 Pump cavitation characteristic curve

图2 确定诱导轮出口液流周向分速的作图法<br/>Fig.2 A drawing method for determining the circumferential component velocity of liquid flow at the outlet of the inducer

图2 确定诱导轮出口液流周向分速的作图法
Fig.2 A drawing method for determining the circumferential component velocity of liquid flow at the outlet of the inducer

表2 不同方案诱导轮设计参数对比<br/>Tab.2 Comparison of design parameters of different inducer schemes

表2 不同方案诱导轮设计参数对比
Tab.2 Comparison of design parameters of different inducer schemes

图3 不同方案泵内流动情况<br/>Fig.3 The fluid flow condition in pump of different inducer-centrifugal pump schemes

图3 不同方案泵内流动情况
Fig.3 The fluid flow condition in pump of different inducer-centrifugal pump schemes

表3 不同方案泵性能<br/>Tab.3 Performance characteristic of different inducer centrifugal pump schemes

表3 不同方案泵性能
Tab.3 Performance characteristic of different inducer centrifugal pump schemes

图4 不同方案诱导轮离心泵的汽蚀特性曲线<br/>Fig.4 Cavitation characteristic curves of different inducer-centrifugal pump schemes

图4 不同方案诱导轮离心泵的汽蚀特性曲线
Fig.4 Cavitation characteristic curves of different inducer-centrifugal pump schemes

图5 不同方案泵扬程曲线<br/>Fig.5 Head characteristic curves of different pump schemes

图5 不同方案泵扬程曲线
Fig.5 Head characteristic curves of different pump schemes

图6 不同方案泵效率曲线<br/>Fig.6 Efficiency characteristic curves of different pump schemes

图6 不同方案泵效率曲线
Fig.6 Efficiency characteristic curves of different pump schemes

备注

引言

1 初始方案诱导轮离心泵性能

2 诱导轮离心泵设计参数分析

3 诱导轮改进方案

4 性能试验

5 结论

期刊信息