宽范围变流量空气/液氧/酒精燃烧加热器试验

(西安航天动力研究所,陕西 西安 710100)

空气/液氧/酒精; 宽范围变流量; 点火; 燃烧; 燃烧加热器

Experimental study on air/LOX/alcohol combustion heater with variable flow rate in large range
XIONG Jian, XIAO Hong, LI Xiaoping, LYU Fazheng

(Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute, Xi'an 710100, China)

air/LOX/alcohol; wide-range variable flow; ignition; combustion; combustion heater

备注

为了突破空气/液氧/酒精三组元宽范围变流量燃烧加热器可靠点火和稳定燃烧等关键技术,采用一种经过优化的直流喷嘴来组织燃烧,研制了宽范围变流量燃烧加热器并进行了点火试验,研究了其在10倍流量变化范围内的点火特性和燃烧性能。试验结果表明该燃烧加热器在10倍多的流量变化范围内实现了高效稳定燃烧,其中设计点的燃烧效率达到97%。加热器采用新型组织燃烧方式实现了宽范围变工况和低喷注压力下的可靠点火和稳定燃烧,其中加热器点火成功率100%,稳定工作过程中室压波动小于1%。加热器采用等离子点火火焰先进入燃烧室,随后氧化剂、燃料依次进入燃烧室的点火程序合理。

In order to break through the key technologies of reliable ignition and stable combustion of air/LOX/alcohol three-component combustion heater with variable flow rate in lange range, such a combustion heater was developed by using an optimized orifice atomizer to organize combustion and hot firing tests were carried out. The ignition and combustion characteristics of three working conditions were studied. The experimental results show that the heater achieves high efficiency and stable combustion within the range of more than 10 times flow rate, and the combustion efficiency reaches 97% at the design point. A new organizational combustion mode was adopted to realize reliable ignition and stable combustion under wide-range of variable operating conditions and low injection pressure.The heater ignition is 100% successful, and the chamber pressure fluctuation is less than 1% during stable operation.It is reasonable for the ignition procedure of the heater to use plasma ignition flame to enter the combustion chamber first, followed by oxidant and fuel successively.