火箭推进

某补燃循环上面级发动机是我国首台采用起旋氧预压涡轮泵起动方式的液体火箭发动机,其在起动初始阶段的能量匹配过程与现有型号存在较大差异。为使其获得良好的起动性能,需要对该发动机的初始驱动参数进行设计与分析。根据系统特点建立补燃循环上面级发动机起动过程的数学模型,基于MWorks软件,通过数值仿真手段设计初始的起动参数。最后按照设计的参数,对二级泵后煤油的接力能力进行评估。结果表明:预压涡轮氦气驱动流量应选为17.5 g/s,点火剂供应路节流圈流阻系数应选为7.95×1012 m-4; 设计的起动参数能够使二级泵后煤油正常接力,且余量充足。

An upper stage engine with staged combustion cycle is the first liquid rocket engine in China that adopts the pre-booster turbopump start-up method,and its energy match process during the initial stage of start-up is different from the existing models.In order to obtain excellent start-up performance,it is necessary to design and analyze the initial driving parameters.The mathematical model of the engine start-up was developed according to the system characteristics,and the initial driving parameters were designed by the numerical simulation of MWorks software.Finally,the relay capacity of the kerosene after the secondary fuel pump was evaluated according to the designed parameters.The results show that the driving flow rate of pre-booster turbine should be selected as 17.5 g/s,and the flow resistance coefficient should be selected as 7.95×1012 m-4 for the throttle ring of igniter supply circuit.The designed driving parameters can make the kerosene normal relay after the two-stage pump,and its margin is sufficient.

引言
1 补燃循环上面级发动机的工作原理
2 发动机启动过程数学模型
3 启动参数设计
4 二级泵后煤油接力评估
5 结论

图1 补燃循环上面级发动机系统简图<br/>Fig.1 System schematic of upper stage engine with staged combustion cycle

图1 补燃循环上面级发动机系统简图
Fig.1 System schematic of upper stage engine with staged combustion cycle

图2 发生器热试仿真与实测结果对比<br/>Fig.2 Comparison of experimental data and numerical results for gas generator

图2 发生器热试仿真与实测结果对比
Fig.2 Comparison of experimental data and numerical results for gas generator

图3 补燃循环上面级发动机启动时序<br/>Fig.3 Start-up sequence of upper stage engine with staged combustion cycle

图3 补燃循环上面级发动机启动时序
Fig.3 Start-up sequence of upper stage engine with staged combustion cycle

图4 预压泵出口压力<br/>Fig.4 Outlet pressure of pre-booster pump

图4 预压泵出口压力
Fig.4 Outlet pressure of pre-booster pump

表1 预压泵出口压力限制<br/>Tab.1 Outlet pressure limit of pre-booster pump

表1 预压泵出口压力限制
Tab.1 Outlet pressure limit of pre-booster pump

图5 预压涡轮驱动流量对启动过程的影响<br/>Fig.5 Effect of driving flow rate on start-up process for pre-booster turbine

图5 预压涡轮驱动流量对启动过程的影响
Fig.5 Effect of driving flow rate on start-up process for pre-booster turbine

表2 其他型号发动机氧初始流量<br/>Tab.2 Initial oxygen mass flow rate of other engines

表2 其他型号发动机氧初始流量
Tab.2 Initial oxygen mass flow rate of other engines

图6 点火剂供应路节流圈流阻系数对启动过程的影响<br/>Fig.6 Effect of flow resistance coefficient on start-up process for throttle ring of igniter supply circuit

图6 点火剂供应路节流圈流阻系数对启动过程的影响
Fig.6 Effect of flow resistance coefficient on start-up process for throttle ring of igniter supply circuit

图7 点火过程中发生器的组元比变化<br/>Fig.7 Mixture ratio change of generator during ignition

图7 点火过程中发生器的组元比变化
Fig.7 Mixture ratio change of generator during ignition

表3 其他型号发动机发生器点火组元比<br/>Tab.3 Ignition mixture ratio of other engine's generator

表3 其他型号发动机发生器点火组元比
Tab.3 Ignition mixture ratio of other engine's generator

图8 启动箱点火剂流量与二级泵后煤油流量<br/>Fig.8 Igniter flow rate of start-tank and kerosene flow rate of secondary fuel pump exit

图8 启动箱点火剂流量与二级泵后煤油流量
Fig.8 Igniter flow rate of start-tank and kerosene flow rate of secondary fuel pump exit

图9 二级泵后、汇合点、启动箱压力比对<br/>Fig.9 Pressure comparison of secondary fuel pump exit,converge point and start-tank

图9 二级泵后、汇合点、启动箱压力比对
Fig.9 Pressure comparison of secondary fuel pump exit,converge point and start-tank

图10 二级泵后、汇合点、启动箱压力比对<br/>Fig.10 Pressure comparison of secondary fuel pump exit,converge point and start-tank

图10 二级泵后、汇合点、启动箱压力比对
Fig.10 Pressure comparison of secondary fuel pump exit,converge point and start-tank

图11 发生器压力、主涡轮泵转速、进入发生器的燃料流量<br/>Fig.11 Generator pressure,rotation velocity of main turbopump,fuel mass flow rate entering into generator

图11 发生器压力、主涡轮泵转速、进入发生器的燃料流量
Fig.11 Generator pressure,rotation velocity of main turbopump,fuel mass flow rate entering into generator

表4 接力点静态计算与动态计算结果对比<br/>Tab.4 Comparison of dynamic and static calculation at relay point

表4 接力点静态计算与动态计算结果对比
Tab.4 Comparison of dynamic and static calculation at relay point

表5 平衡工况点静态计算与动态计算结果对比<br/>Tab.5 Comparison of dynamic and static calculation at balance point

表5 平衡工况点静态计算与动态计算结果对比
Tab.5 Comparison of dynamic and static calculation at balance point

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备注

引言

1 补燃循环上面级发动机的工作原理

2 发动机启动过程数学模型

3 启动参数设计

4 二级泵后煤油接力评估

5 结论

期刊信息