火箭二级发动机一级飞行段力学环境适应性评估方法
王 玫,袁军社,刘军彦,高乐乐

(西安航天动力研究所,陕西 西安 710100)

二级发动机; 一级飞行段; 力学环境; 整机振动试验方法

Evaluation method of mechanical environment adaptability for rocket second-stage engine in the first-stage flight phase
WANG Mei,YUAN Junshe,LIU Junyan,GAO Lele

(Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute,Xi'an 710100,China)

second-stage engine; first-stage flight phase; vibration mechanical environment; vibration test method of whole engine

备注

针对目前大推力火箭二级发动机在全工作寿命周期内力学环境考核不充分的问题,开展了发动机整机一级飞行段振动力学环境试验考核方法研究。以某型运载火箭芯二级四机并联发动机为研究对象,根据实际箭体条件下模态频率的仿真分析,确定试验方案及边界条件,通过正弦振动、随机振动试验获取加速度及应变数据判别结构薄弱环节,对比试验前后特征级扫描数据评估发动机结构一致性,为发动机优化改进提供依据,最终以振动试验后产品再次试车的数据正常与否作为发动机力学适应性的判据。该型运载火箭首飞及后续飞行试验取得成功,验证了发动机整机振动试验考核方法行之有效,可实现二级发动机全寿命周期的力学环境考核覆盖,对发动机及火箭工作可靠性至关重要,并为其他各型运载火箭二级发动机一级飞行段环境适应性考核提供了参考。

In order to solve the problem of insufficient assessment of mechanical environment in the whole working life cycle of rocket second-stage engine with high thrust,an assessment method of vibration mechanics environment test in the first-stage flight phase of the whole engine was studied.Taking a certain rocket's second-stage four-parallel-connected engine as the research object,the test scheme and boundary conditions were determined according to the simulation analysis of the modal frequency under the actual rocket conditions.The structural weaknesses were identified by the acceleration and strain data obtained through sinusoidal vibration and random vibration tests,and the consistency of the engine structure was evaluated by comparing the feature level scanning data before and after the test.The relevant conclusions provide a basis for the engine optimization and improvement.Finally,the mechanical adaptability of the engine was judged by whether the data of the product re-test after the vibration test is normal or not.The success of the first flight and subsequent flight tests of this launch vehicle have verified that the assessment method of whole engine vibration test is effective,which can realize the mechanical environment assessment coverage of the whole life cycle of the second-stage engine and is essential for the reliability of the engine and even the rocket.It also provides an important reference for the environmental adaptability assessment of the second-stage engine in the first-stage flight phase of other launch vehicles.

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