火箭推进

扩压器是火箭发动机进行高空模拟试验的重要地面设备,针对某空气泄入式圆筒型扩压器设计参数进行了数值研究,同时对该扩压器后的燃气射流进行了分析。计算结果表明,扩压器直径是影响扩压器性能的一个重要参数,在满足喷管出口满流的前提下,当扩压器直径增大时,带来的是总压损失逐渐增大,扩压器内激波串的强度逐渐增强; 长径比并不是一个影响扩压器流场和起动情况的独立参数,该参数的选取与发动机工况状态和结构状态相关; 泄入间隙的选择可根据发动机的工况进行设计。对扩压器后的燃气射流计算表明,与不带扩压器的喷管燃气射流相比,由于燃气在扩压器内总压损失较自由射流小,扩压器后的燃气射流具有影响区域范围大的特点,该计算结果可为发动机地面试验不同条件下燃气射流提供一定的预示,对试验过程中燃气射流引起的环境设计提供借鉴。

The diffuser is an important ground equipment for high altitude simulation test of rocket engines. The design parameters of an air-bleed cylinder diffuser were studied numerically,and the gas jet after the diffuser was analyzed. The results show that the diffuser diameter is an important parameter affecting the diffuser performance. When the diffuser diameter increases,the total pressure loss increases and the intensity of shock wave in the diffuser increases. The length-diameter ratio is not an independent parameter affecting the diffuser flow field and start-up. The selection of the parameters is related to the engine working condition and structure condition,and the selection of the leakage gap can be designed according to the engine working condition. The calculation of the gas jet after the diffuser shows that,compared with the nozzle gas jet without the diffuser,the gas jet after the diffuser has the characteristics of large area because the total pressure loss of the gas in the diffuser is smaller than that of the free jet. It provides a reference for the environmental design caused by gas jet during the test.

引言
1 圆柱型扩压器性能分析
2 扩压器后燃气射流分析
3 结论

图1 扩压器基本结构<br/>Fig.1 Basic structure of diffuser

图1 扩压器基本结构
Fig.1 Basic structure of diffuser

图2 发动机-扩压器系统基本计算物理型面
Fig.2 Basic calculation physical profile of engine-diffuser system

图3 不同直径扩压器内流场Ma对比分析<br/>Fig.3 Comparison analysis of flow field Ma in diffuser with different diameters

图3 不同直径扩压器内流场Ma对比分析
Fig.3 Comparison analysis of flow field Ma in diffuser with different diameters

图4 不同直径扩压器内流场压力对比分析<br/>Fig.4 Comparison analysis of flow field pressure in diffuser with different diameters

图4 不同直径扩压器内流场压力对比分析
Fig.4 Comparison analysis of flow field pressure in diffuser with different diameters

图5 低工况不同间隙扩压器内流场Ma对比分析<br/>Fig.5 Comparison analysis of flow field Ma in diffuser with different clearance under low operating conditions

图5 低工况不同间隙扩压器内流场Ma对比分析
Fig.5 Comparison analysis of flow field Ma in diffuser with different clearance under low operating conditions

图6 高工况不同间隙扩压器内流场Ma对比分析<br/>Fig.6 Comparison analysis of flow field Ma in diffuser with different clearance under high operating conditions

图6 高工况不同间隙扩压器内流场Ma对比分析
Fig.6 Comparison analysis of flow field Ma in diffuser with different clearance under high operating conditions

图7 发动机燃气经过扩压器后自由射流计算模型<br/>Fig.7 Free jet calculation model of engineering gas after diffuser

图7 发动机燃气经过扩压器后自由射流计算模型
Fig.7 Free jet calculation model of engineering gas after diffuser

图8 发动机燃气扩压器内外Ma分布云图<br/>Fig.8 Cloud diagram of Ma distribution inside and outside diffuser of engine gas

图8 发动机燃气扩压器内外Ma分布云图
Fig.8 Cloud diagram of Ma distribution inside and outside diffuser of engine gas

图9 发动机燃气扩压器内外中心轴线参数分布图<br/>Fig.9 Distribution of central axis parameters of engine gas internal and external diffuser

图9 发动机燃气扩压器内外中心轴线参数分布图
Fig.9 Distribution of central axis parameters of engine gas internal and external diffuser

图10 燃气不同射流条件喷管出口处Ma云图<br/>Fig.10 Ma cloud diagram at the exit of nozzle with different jet conditions

图10 燃气不同射流条件喷管出口处Ma云图
Fig.10 Ma cloud diagram at the exit of nozzle with different jet conditions

图11 不同射流条件下Ma对比<br/>Fig.11 Comparison of Ma under different jet conditions

图11 不同射流条件下Ma对比
Fig.11 Comparison of Ma under different jet conditions

图12 不同射流条件下轴向流速U对比<br/>Fig.12 Comparison of axial velocity U under different jet conditions

图12 不同射流条件下轴向流速U对比
Fig.12 Comparison of axial velocity U under different jet conditions

图13 不同射流条件下流场压力对比<br/>Fig.13 Comparison of pressure in flowfield under different jet conditions

图13 不同射流条件下流场压力对比
Fig.13 Comparison of pressure in flowfield under different jet conditions

图14 不同射流条件下流场温度T对比<br/>Fig.14 Temperature comparison of flow field under different jet conditions

图14 不同射流条件下流场温度T对比
Fig.14 Temperature comparison of flow field under different jet conditions

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备注

引言

1 圆柱型扩压器性能分析

2 扩压器后燃气射流分析

3 结论

期刊信息