火箭推进

基于数值模拟和实验提出和验证了一种利用有限测点振动信息进行典型管路系统约束状态及载荷参数重构识别,进而通过精细有限元建模实现管路系统动态响应评估的管路全局振动检测预示方法。主要研究内容包括:首先,建立了典型发动机管路结构随机振动响应分析正问题有限元模型,提出了针对管路振动全面预示的测点设置策略; 其次,发展了激励和约束参数分别重构的振动系统参数识别方法,基于共轭梯度法建立了载荷、约束确定论反演算法,确立了基于管路系统实际结构和载荷、约束参数重构结果的高精度振动建模方法; 最后,搭建了管路系统的简谐/随机振动实验系统,基于位移和应变振动测量信号进行了约束刚度和载荷的重构,建立了发动机典型管路的精细有限元模型,实现了管路结构振动位移和应力的全面检测预示,验证了所提方法的有效性。结果发现,针对仿真和实测振动信号均可实现对管路振动的有效检测预示,能够确定管路薄弱位置和最大应力状态,可为重型等新型发动机管路结构设计和完整性评价提供有效支撑。

In this paper, a method was proposed and validated through numerical analysis and experiments to evaluate the global vibration state of a pipeline by establishing fine finite element model of the pipeline structure with practical excitation loads and constraint conditions. The major contents of this paper include three parts.Firstly, a finite element model for efficient forward analysis of the random vibration of typical engine pipeline system was developed, and a rule to select the number and the position of the vibration measuring points was proposed. Secondly, a multistep strategy was proposed to reconstruct the load and constraint parameters, respectively. And an inversion scheme and corresponding numerical code were developed based on the conjugate gradient optimization method. Furthermore, a reliable finite element model was established based on the designed geometry of the pipeline and the reconstructed load and constraint parameters to give proper prediction of vibration at any point of the pipeline. Thirdly, an experimental system was established with a cantilever straight pipe and a typical pipe structure of a real engine, to measure the vibration and dynamic strain signals under excitation of sinusoidal and random load. Based on the measured information, the load and constraint conditions were reconstructed and the fine finite element model using reconstructed information was established, which was proved capable to evaluate the global vibration state of the whole pipe structure. As conclusion, the method of this paper can give good prediction of the vibration state at any position of pipeline from both the simulated and measured vibration signals at limited measuring points, and predict the location and value of the maximum stress point for the structural integrity evaluation of the pipeline from the heavy rocket engines.

引言
1 管路强迫振动正演建模
2 复杂管路全局振动预示方法
3 基于实验信号的有效性验证
4 结论

图1 典型空间管路振动系统示例<br/>Fig.1 A typical 3D pipeline vibration system

图1 典型空间管路振动系统示例
Fig.1 A typical 3D pipeline vibration system

图2 载荷PSD曲线图例<br/>Fig.2 Schematic diagram of load PSD curve

图2 载荷PSD曲线图例
Fig.2 Schematic diagram of load PSD curve

图3 直管悬臂梁模型<br/>Fig.3 Straight pipe model

图3 直管悬臂梁模型
Fig.3 Straight pipe model

图4 发动机典型空间管路示例<br/>Fig.4 An example of 3D engine pipeline

图4 发动机典型空间管路示例
Fig.4 An example of 3D engine pipeline

图5 管道结构载荷及约束条件反演流程图<br/>Fig.5 Flowchant for inversion of load and constraint of pipeline structure from measured signals

图5 管道结构载荷及约束条件反演流程图
Fig.5 Flowchant for inversion of load and constraint of pipeline structure from measured signals

图6 直管仿真加载示意图<br/>Fig.6 Straight pipe simulation loading

图6 直管仿真加载示意图
Fig.6 Straight pipe simulation loading

图7 空间弯管仿真加载示意图<br/>Fig.7 3D elbow pipe simulation loading

图7 空间弯管仿真加载示意图
Fig.7 3D elbow pipe simulation loading

表1 约束刚度重构结果<br/>Tab.1 Reconstruction results of constraint stiffness

表1 约束刚度重构结果
Tab.1 Reconstruction results of constraint stiffness

表2 简谐振动载荷重构结果<br/>Tab.2 Reconstruction results of harmonic load

表2 简谐振动载荷重构结果
Tab.2 Reconstruction results of harmonic load

表3 随机振动载荷重构结果<br/>Tab.3 Reconstruction results of random load

表3 随机振动载荷重构结果
Tab.3 Reconstruction results of random load

图8 直管振动系统示意图<br/>Fig.8 Vibration testing system for straight pipe

图8 直管振动系统示意图
Fig.8 Vibration testing system for straight pipe

图9 空间弯管振动系统示意图<br/>Fig.9 Vibration testing system for 3D elbow pipe

图9 空间弯管振动系统示意图
Fig.9 Vibration testing system for 3D elbow pipe

表4 直管振动试验载荷重构<br/>Tab.4 Load reconstruction of straight pipe vibration test

表4 直管振动试验载荷重构
Tab.4 Load reconstruction of straight pipe vibration test

表5 弯管简谐振动载荷重构<br/>Tab.5 Load reconstruction of elbow pipe harmonic vibration test

表5 弯管简谐振动载荷重构
Tab.5 Load reconstruction of elbow pipe harmonic vibration test

图10 基于重构简谐载荷和约束刚度的弯管动态位移和应力全局计算结果<br/>Fig.10 The global displacement and stress of the elbow pipe structure under reconstructed load and constraints

图10 基于重构简谐载荷和约束刚度的弯管动态位移和应力全局计算结果
Fig.10 The global displacement and stress of the elbow pipe structure under reconstructed load and constraints

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备注

引言

1 管路强迫振动正演建模

2 复杂管路全局振动预示方法

3 基于实验信号的有效性验证

4 结论

期刊信息