火箭推进

针对某液体火箭发动机燃气路内出现的异常压力脉动现象,通过数值仿真获得了螺旋流和分叉流两种流型,提出了两种流型相互切换引起的流动不稳定解释。燃气三通内的螺旋大涡及氢/氧燃气导管内的螺旋流动会引起流阻增大,导致燃气路局部压力跳变。数值仿真、气流试验均复现了燃气路热试过程中的压力跳变现象,获得了燃气路流动稳定性边界。热试结果表明当分流比大于0.5时,燃气路出现异常压力跳变的概率明显增大。数值仿真和气流试验分别表明分流比在0.49～0.58、0.5～0.65范围内会出现两种流型的相互切换,出现异常压力跳变。燃气路的异常压力跳变与燃烧过程及燃烧室压力无关,只与分流比相关。在氢/氧燃气导管内设置十字形挡板不能抑制燃气路的压力跳动现象。经冷态气流试验及热试车验证,整流栅可有效抑制燃气路压力跳变现象。

In view of the abnormal pressure pulsation in the gas path of a liquid rocket engine, two flow patterns of spiral flow and bifurcation flow were obtained by numerical simulation, and an explanation for the flow instability caused by the mutual switching of two flow patterns was proposed.The large spiral vortex in the three-branched gas pipe and the spiral flow in the hydrogen/oxygen gas pipe will cause the flow resistance to increase, resulting in the local pressure jump in the gas path.The phenomenon of pressure jump during the hot fire test was reproduced by the numerical simulation and the gas flow test, and the flow stability boundary of the gas path was obtained.The hot test results show that when the split ratio is greater than 0.5, the probability of abnormal pressure jump in the gas path increases obviously.Numerical simulation and gas flow test show that when the split ratio is in the range of 0.5-0.65 and 0.48-0.6 respectively, there will be mutual switching between the two flow patterns and abnormal pressure jump will occur.The abnormal pressure jump of gas path has nothing to do with the combustion process and the combustion chamber pressure, but only with the split ratio.Setting a cross baffle in the hydrogen/oxygen gas pipe cannot inhibit the pressure jump in the gas path.According to the gas flow test and the hot fire test, the perforated device can effectively restrain the pressure jump phenomenon in the gas path.

引言
1 问题概述
2 燃气路流场分析
3 冷态气流试验
4 热试车验证
5 结论

图1 典型试验压力曲线<br/>Fig.1 Typical pressure curve in hot fire test

图1 典型试验压力曲线
Fig.1 Typical pressure curve in hot fire test

图2 压力跳动试车工况统计<br/>Fig.2 Test condition statistics of pressure jump

图2 压力跳动试车工况统计
Fig.2 Test condition statistics of pressure jump

图3 燃气路简化模型<br/>Fig.3 Simplified model of gas path

图3 燃气路简化模型
Fig.3 Simplified model of gas path

表1 计算结果
Tab.1 Calculation results

图4 燃气三通内两种流动状态流线示意图<br/>Fig.4 Schematic diagram of streamline in three-branched pipe with two flow states

图4 燃气三通内两种流动状态流线示意图
Fig.4 Schematic diagram of streamline in three-branched pipe with two flow states

图5 收敛时残差曲线<br/>Fig.5 Convergent residual curve

图5 收敛时残差曲线
Fig.5 Convergent residual curve

图6 不收敛时残差曲线<br/>Fig.6 Nonconvergent residual curve

图6 不收敛时残差曲线
Fig.6 Nonconvergent residual curve

图7 气流试验系统示意图<br/>Fig.7 Schematic diagram of gas flow test system

图7 气流试验系统示意图
Fig.7 Schematic diagram of gas flow test system

图8 气流试验典型的压力曲线<br/>Fig.8 Typical pressure curve of gas flow test

图8 气流试验典型的压力曲线
Fig.8 Typical pressure curve of gas flow test

图9 十字挡板的气流压力曲线<br/>Fig.9 Pressure curve of gas flow test with cross battle

图9 十字挡板的气流压力曲线
Fig.9 Pressure curve of gas flow test with cross battle

图10 带整流栅的气流试验压力曲线<br/>Fig.10 Pressure curve of gas flow test with cross battle

图10 带整流栅的气流试验压力曲线
Fig.10 Pressure curve of gas flow test with cross battle

图11 带整流栅状态热试时燃气发生器室压<br/>Fig.11 Chamber pressure of gas generator in hot fire test with perforated device

图11 带整流栅状态热试时燃气发生器室压
Fig.11 Chamber pressure of gas generator in hot fire test with perforated device

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备注

引言

1 问题概述

2 燃气路流场分析

3 冷态气流试验

4 热试车验证

5 结论

期刊信息