火箭推进

对低温流体预冷充填管路开展动态特性仿真研究可为低温液体发动机启动方案的制定提供重要参考。为获得低温流体预冷充填的主要特性,对能量方程及充填率对流方程进行空间一维求解,对质量方程及动量方程进行集总参数求解,建立了准一维有限体积的预冷充填模型,并对主要影响因素进行仿真研究。对不同初始壁温的影响研究表明:随着管壁初始温度的升高,液氧对管路的预冷时间逐渐增长,蒸汽建压时间缩短,压力峰值逐渐增大; 由于气体的缓冲作用,在低含气率的液氧充满管路时充填水击压力逐渐减小。对液氧、液甲烷及液氮预冷管路的仿真结果表明:在相同稳态流速下,液氧预冷时间较快,液甲烷次之,液氮的预冷速度最慢。

Simulation on the dynamic characteristic of cryogenic fluid pre-cooling pipelines can provide an important reference for the development of cryogenic engine starting scheme.In order to obtain the main characteristics of cryogenic fluid pre-cooling filling, a quasi-one-dimensional model with the finite volume method is established.In this model, the energy equation and the filling rate convection equation are subjected to a spatial one-dimensional solution, while the mass equation and the momentum equation are solved by the lumped parameter method.Then the main influencing factors are analyzed.The study on the influence of different initial temperatures of the pipe wall shows that with the increase of the initial temperature, the pre-cooling time of liquid oxygen on the pipeline gradually increases, the steam pressure build-up time decreases, and the peak of gas pressure increases gradually.Due to the buffering effect of gas, the filling water hammer pressure decreases gradually when the liquid oxygen with low gas content fills the pipeline.The simulation results of liquid oxygen, liquid methane and liquid nitrogen pre-cooling pipelines show that under the same steady-state flow rate, the pre-cooling speed of liquid oxygen is faster, followed by the liquid methane, and then the liquid nitrogen.

引言
1 计算模型
2 模型验证
3 仿真分析
4 结论

图1 预冷充填典型物理过程<br/>Fig.1 Physical process of pre-cooling filling

图1 预冷充填典型物理过程
Fig.1 Physical process of pre-cooling filling

图2 预冷充填计算模型(i为网格索引)<br/>Fig.2 Simulation model of pre-cooling filling(i is index of node)

图2 预冷充填计算模型(i为网格索引)
Fig.2 Simulation model of pre-cooling filling(i is index of node)

图3 参数设置用户界面<br/>Fig.3 User interface of parameter setting

图3 参数设置用户界面
Fig.3 User interface of parameter setting

图4 针对Darr试验的仿真模型<br/>Fig.4 Simulation model for Darr experiment

图4 针对Darr试验的仿真模型
Fig.4 Simulation model for Darr experiment

图5 仿真结果与试验数据对比<br/>Fig.5 Simulation results versus experimental data

图5 仿真结果与试验数据对比
Fig.5 Simulation results versus experimental data

表1 预冷时间仿真误差<br/>Tab.1 Simulation error of pre-cooling time

表1 预冷时间仿真误差
Tab.1 Simulation error of pre-cooling time

图6 Jin等试验系统示意图<br/>Fig.6 Diagram of experimental system of Jin et al

图6 Jin等试验系统示意图
Fig.6 Diagram of experimental system of Jin et al

图7 仿真结果与试验数据对比[G=24.5 kg/(m2·s), Re=2 071, pin=557 kPa]<br/>Fig.7 Simulation results versus experimental data [G=24.5 kg/(m2·s), Re=2 071, pin=557 kPa]

图7 仿真结果与试验数据对比[G=24.5 kg/(m2·s), Re=2 071, pin=557 kPa]
Fig.7 Simulation results versus experimental data [G=24.5 kg/(m2·s), Re=2 071, pin=557 kPa]

图8 仿真结果与试验数据对比[G=41.6 kg/(m2·s), Re=4 010, pin=817 kPa]<br/>Fig.8 Simulation results versus experimental data [G=41.6 kg/(m2·s), Re=4 010, pin=817 kPa]

图8 仿真结果与试验数据对比[G=41.6 kg/(m2·s), Re=4 010, pin=817 kPa]
Fig.8 Simulation results versus experimental data [G=41.6 kg/(m2·s), Re=4 010, pin=817 kPa]

图9 管路压力及充填率[G=24.5 kg/(m2·s), Re=2 071, pin=557 kPa]<br/>Fig.9 Pressure and filling rate of pipeline [G=24.5 kg/(m2·s), Re=2 071, pin=557 kPa]

图9 管路压力及充填率[G=24.5 kg/(m2·s), Re=2 071, pin=557 kPa]
Fig.9 Pressure and filling rate of pipeline [G=24.5 kg/(m2·s), Re=2 071, pin=557 kPa]

图10 管路压力及充填率[G=41.6 kg/(m2·s), Re=4 010, pin=817 kPa]<br/>Fig.10 Pressure and filling rate in pipeline [G=41.6 kg/(m2·s), Re=4 010, pin=817 kPa]

图10 管路压力及充填率[G=41.6 kg/(m2·s), Re=4 010, pin=817 kPa]
Fig.10 Pressure and filling rate in pipeline [G=41.6 kg/(m2·s), Re=4 010, pin=817 kPa]

图11 管路不同位置壁面温度变化曲线<br/>Fig.11 Change of wall temperature at different positions of pipeline

图11 管路不同位置壁面温度变化曲线
Fig.11 Change of wall temperature at different positions of pipeline

图12 不同初始壁温下管路出口压力变化<br/>Fig.12 Change of pipeline outlet pressure under different initial wall temperatures

图12 不同初始壁温下管路出口压力变化
Fig.12 Change of pipeline outlet pressure under different initial wall temperatures

图13 不同初始壁温下管路内充填率<br/>Fig.13 Filling rate under different initial wall temperatures

图13 不同初始壁温下管路内充填率
Fig.13 Filling rate under different initial wall temperatures

表2 不同初始壁温下管路充填过程的特征数据<br/>Tab.2 Feature data of filling process under different initial temperatures

表2 不同初始壁温下管路充填过程的特征数据
Tab.2 Feature data of filling process under different initial temperatures

图14 预冷充填过程中管路出口位置壁面温度变化<br/>Fig.14 Change of wall temperature at outlet of pipe

图14 预冷充填过程中管路出口位置壁面温度变化
Fig.14 Change of wall temperature at outlet of pipe

图15 相同流速下管路出口位置的壁面温度<br/>Fig.15 Change of wall temperatures under same flow velocity

图15 相同流速下管路出口位置的壁面温度
Fig.15 Change of wall temperatures under same flow velocity

图16 液氧预冷充填管路的沸腾传热<br/>Fig.16 Boiling heat transfer of liquid oxygen pre-cooling filling pipe

图16 液氧预冷充填管路的沸腾传热
Fig.16 Boiling heat transfer of liquid oxygen pre-cooling filling pipe

图17 液甲烷预冷充填管路的沸腾传热<br/>Fig.17 Boiling heat transfer of liquid methane pre-cooling filling pipe

图17 液甲烷预冷充填管路的沸腾传热
Fig.17 Boiling heat transfer of liquid methane pre-cooling filling pipe

图18 液氮预冷充填管路的壁面温度及沸腾传热分区<br/>Fig.18 Boiling heat transfer of liquid nitrogen pre-cooling filling pipe

图18 液氮预冷充填管路的壁面温度及沸腾传热分区
Fig.18 Boiling heat transfer of liquid nitrogen pre-cooling filling pipe

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备注

引言

1 计算模型

2 模型验证

3 仿真分析

4 结论

期刊信息