火箭推进

针对锁底结构X射线不可检焊缝开展相控阵超声检测技术研究。通过相控阵超声声线与声场仿真分析,确定了合理的扫查方式。对比了4.0 MHz和7.5 MHz探头的检测信噪比及缺陷响应情况,结果表明:高频探头的检测分辨力与缺陷尺寸测量精度较高; 对于粗晶材料,低频探头比高频探头具有更高的缺陷检出率。通过对比超声、射线及剖切金相结果研究了锁底结构对回波信号的影响,获得了未焊透信号识别方法。利用焊接模拟样件进行工艺验证实验,实验结果表明,相控阵超声技术可有效检出除对侧坡口未熔合之外的全部缺陷,且定量结果与射线检测基本一致。采用研究获得的检测工艺累计完成多件产品检测验证,为持续优化焊接方法、改进接头坡口形式提供了参考。

Phased array ultrasonic inspection technology was carried out for the X-ray undetectable welds of bottom-locking structures. Through the simulation analysis of phased array ultrasonic sound lines and sound fields, a reasonable scanning method was determined. The signal-to-noise ratio and defect response between 4.0 MHz and 7.5 MHz probes were compared. The results show that the detection resolution and defect size measurement accuracy of high-frequency probe are relatively high. For coarse-grained materials, low-frequency probe has a higher defect detection rate than high-frequency probe. By comparing the resutls of ultrasonic, radiographic and section metallographic, the influence of the bottom-locking structure on the echo signal was investigated and the method of identifying incomplete penetration signals was obtained. The process verification experiment was carried out by using welding simulation samples. The results show that the phased array ultrasonic technology can effectively detect all the defects except the non-fusion of the opp osite side groove, and the quantitative results are basically consistent with the X-ray detection. The detection process obtained in this study has been used to complete the detection and verification of multiple products, which provides an effective reference for continuous optimization of welding methods and improvement the joint groove forms.

引言
1 仿真分析
2 检测实验与分析
3 结论

图1 涡轮静子与涡轮壳体身部焊缝结构示意图(单位:mm)<br/>Fig.1 Structure diagram of turbine stator and turbine shell body(unit: mm)

图1 涡轮静子与涡轮壳体身部焊缝结构示意图(单位:mm)
Fig.1 Structure diagram of turbine stator and turbine shell body(unit: mm)

图2 模型边界设置情况<br/>Fig.2 Boundary settings of simulation model

图2 模型边界设置情况
Fig.2 Boundary settings of simulation model

图3 工件3D模型<br/>Fig.3 3D model of workpiece

图3 工件3D模型
Fig.3 3D model of workpiece

图4 声束覆盖示意<br/>Fig.4 Schematic diagram of sound beam coverage

图4 声束覆盖示意
Fig.4 Schematic diagram of sound beam coverage

图5 工件中声场能量分布<br/>Fig.5 Energy distribution map of sound field in the workpiece

图5 工件中声场能量分布
Fig.5 Energy distribution map of sound field in the workpiece

图6 仿真结果
Fig.6 Simulation results

表1 不同频率检测结果对比<br/>Tab.1 Comparison of detection results at different frequencies

表1 不同频率检测结果对比
Tab.1 Comparison of detection results at different frequencies

图7 焊缝模型与扫查过程<br/>Fig.7 Weld model and scanning process

图7 焊缝模型与扫查过程
Fig.7 Weld model and scanning process

图8 焊缝超声、射线检测及剖切金相结果<br/>Fig.8 Ultrasonic, radiographic and metallographic results of welds

图8 焊缝超声、射线检测及剖切金相结果
Fig.8 Ultrasonic, radiographic and metallographic results of welds

图9 不同频率探头检测结果<br/>Fig.9 Detection results of different frequency probes

图9 不同频率探头检测结果
Fig.9 Detection results of different frequency probes

表2 检测结果统计<br/>Tab.2 Statistics of testing results

表2 检测结果统计
Tab.2 Statistics of testing results

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备注

引言

1 仿真分析

2 检测实验与分析

3 结论

期刊信息