火箭推进

大功率(MW级)射频场反构型等离子体电推进具有高比冲、长寿命、大推力和高效率的特点,是未来深空探测或空间货运极具竞争力和应用前景的电磁推进技术。针对国内外当前大功率推力器的研究进展,对比分析了场反构型等离子体推力器的独特优势,并对其结构和工作原理进行了介绍。从大功率射频场反构型等离子体电推进的磁拓扑结构优化设计、大功率脉冲电源技术和场反构型等离子体推力器的试验验证等角度分析了大功率场反构型等离子体电推进的关键技术。

With high specific impulse, large thrust, high efficiency and long lifetime, the MW level high-power plasma electromagnetic thruster with RF field reversed configuration has the extremely competitive power and application prospect in the fields of future deep space exploration and space freight.In this paper, the unique advantages of the field reversed configuration plasma thruster(FRCPT)are analyzed in detail according to the research progresses of current high-power thrusters at home and abroad.The structure and working principle of the FRCPT are introduced.The key technologies of high-power FRCPT are analyzed from the perspective of magnetic field topology optimization design, high pulse power supply technology and the experimental test verification.On the basis of these, the development trend of FRCPT is given, which will be useful for the research on FRCPT in China.

引言
1 大功率推力器的发展现状
2 ELF推力器的优势及其工作原理
3 大功率场反构型等离子体电推进关键技术和发展趋势
4 结束语

图1 MPD推力器剖面图 <br/>Fig.1 Sectional view of MPD thruster

图1 MPD推力器剖面图
Fig.1 Sectional view of MPD thruster

图2 VASIMR推力器样机图<br/>Fig.2 Prototype of VASIMR thruster

图2 VASIMR推力器样机图
Fig.2 Prototype of VASIMR thruster

图3 脉冲诱导等离子体推力器样机<br/>Fig.3 Prototype of PIT thruster

图3 脉冲诱导等离子体推力器样机
Fig.3 Prototype of PIT thruster

图4 无电极洛伦兹力EMPT推力器放电 <br/>Fig.4 Discharging of EMPT electrodeless Lorenz force thruster

图4 无电极洛伦兹力EMPT推力器放电
Fig.4 Discharging of EMPT electrodeless Lorenz force thruster

图5 ELF-300无电极洛伦兹力推力器 <br/>Fig.5 ELF-300 electrodeless Lorenz force thruster

图5 ELF-300无电极洛伦兹力推力器
Fig.5 ELF-300 electrodeless Lorenz force thruster

图6 RP3-X无电极洛伦兹力推力器 <br/>Fig.6 RP3-X electrodeless Lorenz force thruster

图6 RP3-X无电极洛伦兹力推力器
Fig.6 RP3-X electrodeless Lorenz force thruster

表1 各种推力器的参数及性能对比[4-9,12,18]<br/>Tab.1 Comparison of parameters and performances of each kinds of thrusters

表1 各种推力器的参数及性能对比[4-9,12,18]
Tab.1 Comparison of parameters and performances of each kinds of thrusters

图7 ELF等离子体团加速排出示意图<br/>Fig.7 Diagram of ELF plasmoid accelerating ejectment

图7 ELF等离子体团加速排出示意图
Fig.7 Diagram of ELF plasmoid accelerating ejectment

图8 两组模式为m=1的RMF鞍形线圈<br/>Fig.8 Two sets of RMF saddle coils with a mode of m=1

图8 两组模式为m=1的RMF鞍形线圈
Fig.8 Two sets of RMF saddle coils with a mode of m=1

图9 PIT和ELF轴向洛伦兹力加速距离<br/>Fig.9 Acceleration distance of PIT and ELF axial Lorenz force

图9 PIT和ELF轴向洛伦兹力加速距离
Fig.9 Acceleration distance of PIT and ELF axial Lorenz force

图10 ELF推力器的多工质测试<br/>Fig.10 Multi-propellant test of ELF thruster

图10 ELF推力器的多工质测试
Fig.10 Multi-propellant test of ELF thruster

图11 场反推力器的剖面结构 <br/>Fig.11 Section structure of FRC thruster

图11 场反推力器的剖面结构
Fig.11 Section structure of FRC thruster

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备注

引言

1 大功率推力器的发展现状

2 ELF推力器的优势及其工作原理

3 大功率场反构型等离子体电推进关键技术和发展趋势

4 结束语

期刊信息